Jakarta 13 times Rename

VIVAnews -age of Jakarta near 5 centuries. From a small airport at the mouth of the Ciliwung River in Jakarta has now developed into a metropolis. No more swamps. As far as the eye can see, the only skyscraper buildings.

But did you know? Jakarta is now treading age 484 years already 13 times renamed.  Government Data Jakarta, was a forerunner of Jakarta is a city called Kalapa. Report of the European writers in the 16th century, it became An international airport, the main Hindu Kingdom called Sunda capital Padjajaran.

However, on June 22, 1527, Fatahillah which later became the ruler of Sunda Kalapa was renamed Jayakarta. According to the decision of PARLIAMENT the city While no. 6/D/K/1956, the date was later proclaimed as the day so the city of Jakarta.

The following names that used to be a term for Jakarta:

1. At the 14th century, Sunda Kelapa as the port of the Kingdom of Pajajaran

2. on 22 June 1527 Fatahilah, renamed Jayakartabe

3. on 4 March 1621 by the Netherlands for the first time the shape of the city government named Stad Batavia

4. on 1 April 1905 changed its name to ' Gemeente Batavia '

5. on 8 January 1935 changed its name to Stad Gemeente Batavia

6. on 8 August 1942 by Japan renamed Jakarta Toko Betsu Shi

7. in September 1945 Jakarta City Government named National Government Jakarta City

8. on 20 February 1950 in the reign of Pre Federal became Stad Gemeente Batavia

9. on 24 March 1950 renamed City Praj'a Jakarta

10. on 18 January 1958 the position of Jakarta as the swatantra named City Praja Djakarta Raya

11. in 1961 with PP No. 2 1961 jo law No. 2 PNPS 1961 was formed the local Government of Jakarta Raya

12. on 31 August 1964 with Act No. 10 of 1964 stated Jakarta Raya remained as the capital of the Republic of Indonesia as Jakarta.

13. Tahun1999, melalaui Act No. 34 of 1999 about Specific areas of the provincial Government of the Republic of Indonesia's capital Jakarta, the term local Government transformed into a Government of DKI Jakarta, with its autonomous communities are to remain in the provincial level and not on the territory of the city. In addition the DKI Jakarta is divided into 6 areas, i.e., 5 municipalities and one administrative district thousand islands. (eh)

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Foreign Citizens Are Cars Splashed Up Times Brass

VIVAnews -A Daihatsu Taruna bernopol b. 1340 WL splashed up to the time on the road Rasuna Said, Kuningan, South Jakarta. Location of Hotel Four Seasons.

According to information the TMC POlda Metro Jaya, events that occurred at 10.30 pm, Saturday 11 June 2011. There were no fatalities in the crash.

According to the TMC Briptu Gery driver car nahas it is a woman of foreign nationality, Magdalena. "The car that contained two passengers, one man," said Gery VIVAnews.comwhen contacted.

Both suffered minor injuries, and it's been brought to a hospital in Jakarta. "A car drove from the direction of Setiabudi, South Jakarta," he explained. Current car has not been evacuated, were still in the times. "Waiting for derek," he added.

While at about the same time also an accident. Sedan Honda B 88 DE overturned near the Four Season. Approximately 700 meters from the location of the accident the Daihatsu Taruna.

The car is driving a student was overturned after hitting a Wall Street. The case is still handled Traffic Accident Unit. "The second accident occurred because the rider to lose control," brightening. (umi)

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List of Cars splashed up to Times & Bundaran HI

VIVAnews -Event car splashed up river back to occur, particularly in Central and West Jakarta. In fact, to take casualties. As happened yesterday, a car the Toyota Rush black with the number of police B135 LIS in river in Kalideres, West Jakarta. As a result, the four passengers were killed instantly.

Similar events also occurred, on Sunday, May 22, 2011, a container-laden paper weighing 20 tons in a river in the Daan Mogot was, West Jakarta. But there were no fatalities in the incident.

"Of all events, the average driver bring the vehicle in a high speed and sleepy," said Visible Then Polres Jakarta Assistant Commissioner of police VIVAnews.comSularno contacted, Friday May 3, 2011.

According to Sularno in the area of West Jakarta prone vehicle accidents occurred in the river and the times splashed up, i.e. Daan Mogot was and Kalideres. "There are Two areas that are large enough time. However, in terms of the structure of the road and street lighting is quite good. So also the distance between the river and the highway is quite extensive, about 5-6 meters, "he said.

So, he said, the accident occurred due to factors which bring riders vehicle with high speed, sleepy, as well as drunk.

A similar thing happened in Jakarta as Center, but a car accident on the River Dove is not, but rather a roundabout HI (Hotel Indonesia). The Data in the Directorate of Traffic Polda Metro Jaya recorded, in a year there are at least six four-wheeled vehicles that plunged into a pond Roundabout HI. "If the events in Roundabout HI, more disebakan because the driver was drunk and sleepy," said the Director of the Traffic Police of the Metro Jaya, Commissioner Royke Lumowa.

Anticipate that, it continued to conduct raids against a drunk driver. "Razia drunk driver had already started in the Sudirman-Thamrin. Later will we extend more to the point-the point of other roads, in particular that granted the region prone to accidents, "said Royke.

The operation against the driver of the car in the Sudirman-Thamrin already done since May 27 and held from 11.00 am-05: 00. The goal is the driver who brought the car in a State of unconscious due to the influence of alcohol and drugs. Head of unit of the patrol Guards (Patwal) Polda Metro Jaya, AKBP Jr Purnomo said, razia drunk driver is already running a week. In the operation, about 60 cars netted razia. But the result is null. "We have not found the driver who was drunk," explained Jr.

In the raids, officers monitor every four-wheeled vehicles that sped towards the Roundabout HI. "Can seem from the rate of the vehicle and its velocity high. capsizes When it's so we immediately stop, "he asserted.  If found in the condition of drunkenness, automatic driver of a vehicle directly ditilang. In addition, if in her car found drugs or prohibited goods such as firearms and sharp weapons, then the driver in question could be dijerat article of the criminal.

The following event entry car plunge in roundabout HI (Hotel Indonesia):

On January 8, 2011, sedan Porrsche Boxter B 8707 OM splashed up since hitting a concrete parapet roundabout.

Then, January 22, in the early hours, the Toyota Innova is also splashed up.  Generally, the accident happened because the spur of the vehicle at high speed in the condition of the sleepy or drunk.

Four months later, a car Toyota Avanza also splashed up on pond Roundabout HI. The accident occurred at 03: 00 pm, Wednesday, may 18, 2011. The car driven by Roy Franrsiskus Senses it drove in the blustery winds in Jalan Sudirman to Thamrin

Lastly, a car back into the pool plunge Indonesia, Jakarta Roundabout Hotel, Wednesday morning, may 25, 2011. (eh)

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2030, Space Junk up 3 Times

VIVAnews -In a Conference, William Shelton, the Chairman of the U.s. Air Force Space Command expresses concern about the increasing number of man-made space debris.

"The number continues to increase. Now it's been more than 50 countries involved in space exploration, "said Shelton, as quoted Spaceof, may 10, 2011. "Currently, more than 20 thousand unused objects are in space," he said.

Currently, said Shelton, it continued to monitor growth routinely of garbage-dump space. "Look at the trend of growth, it is estimated that figure will rise three times in the year 2030," he said. "Whereas, the possibility of the amount of garbage that's 10 times more because the sensor that we have currently not able to keep track of all the crap that is," said Shelton.

Horrible, call Shelton, objects become garbage is very dangerous. "They could damage the space systems for military, civil space systems, commercial satellites, and others," he said. "Nobody is immune from the threat that is in orbit at this time," said Shelton.

According to Marshall Kaplan, expert space debris from the Space Department, Johns Hopkins University, space junk in low Earth orbit have been accumulating since 50 years later. The addition of the last is, remains of testing Anti-Satellite (ASAT) belongs to China in 2007.

"One of these trials has been increasing the number of objects in the debris around 35 percent," said Kaplan. "It gets worse, its location was at an altitude of 865 kilometres, the area most populated where orbiting satellites generally," he said.

Another case, in February 2009, Iridium 33 communication satellite belonging to the UNITED STATES collided with the Cosmos, space shuttle Russia unused, at an altitude similar to China's ASAT test. Consequently, fractional debris more scattered.

"The result of the launch of the satellite during the last 50 years as well as two such events, is now the area between an altitude of 700 kilometers up to 1,300 kilometers there is jutaaan-sized debris ranging from a few millimeters to a few meters," said Kaplan.

Unfortunately, said Kaplan, the growth of the number of bins is not reversible. Space cleanup efforts would be too expensive. "Currently there is nothing we can do. We do not have sufficient funds, technology does not exist, and there is no cooperation. Nobody wanted to fund that effort, "said Kaplan.

Kaplan added, cleansing of outer space is the ' industry continue to grow ' but no one wants to work on. "In addition, politically, it's also not profitable," he said. (eh)

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The size of the universe is 250 times more Widely

VIVAnews -Whether the universe had a definite or indefinite size? Concerning the size of the universe which can be seen increasingly widespread, is the farthest object that could be seen to be much older than that estimated that about 14 billion years.

Known, photon on the cosmic microwave background has been a time of 45 billion a year to arrive on Earth. That means, of the universe seen by the eye at least has a size of 90 billion light years.

However, it turns out that the universe is much more widely. This can be known thanks to the statistical analysis made by Mihran Vardanyan and colleagues, researchers from the University of Oxford.

According to Vardanyan, as quoted from Daily Galaxy, Wednesday 4 May 2011, the key from knowing the actual size of the universe is by measuring lengkungannya.

Previously, astronomers have several methods to measure the curvature. One of them, according to Technology Review from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, is using the objects in the distance already known size and compare with how great she looks.

If the object it looks bigger than it should, the universe is closed. If it looks just as it should, the universe is flat. However, if smaller, meaning the universe open (infinity).

The problem is, when scientists observed data of various models, they get a different answer to find out the answer for sure around the arch and the size of the universe. Then, where the most accurate of whom?

Breakthrough taken Vardanyan and his team are known by the name of the model averagingcall Bayesian Networks. The technique is more intelligent than by using measurement of curvature commonly used by scientists to describe the data they have.

According to the modeling made Vardanyan, the curvature of the universe is very close to 0. In other words, most likely, the universe is flat.

A universe is flat can also be infinite. And calculations made by Vardanyan was also consistent with this. From the calculation, the universe has a size of at least 250 times larger than the volume measuring Hubber 13.8 billion light years. (art)

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